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Shannon's Law

Shannon's Law

31 Mar

31Mar

Shannon's Law

Let c be the maximum obtainable error-free data speed in bps that a communications channel can handle. Let b be the channel bandwidth in hertz. Let s represent the signal-to-noise ratio. Then Shannon's law is stated as follows:

c = b log₂ (1 + s)

The function log₂ represents the base-2 logarithm. All logarithms are exponents. The base-2 logarithm of a number x is the number y such that 2^y = x.

No practical communications system has yet been devised that can operate at close to the theoretical speed limit defined by Shannon's law. Some systems, using sophisticated encoding and decoding, can approach half of the so-called Shannon limit for a channel having fixed bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio.

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